Once the screen is completely dry, it is ready for exposing. Let the screen dry, putting the screen side down as you wish to have more emulsion on the screen side than the squeegee side. You can apply once on the print side or one on the screen side and one to the squeegee side or two and one or two and two and more, depending on how thick stencil you may need for the print.
The first step is to apply the wet emulsion on the screen by a scoop coater, starting from the print side to the squeegee side. The dried film is then exposed to UV lights with the positive, with the image to be printed, on the top of the screen and the image impression transfers to the screen with open lines showing the image – When you wash the screen, the image appears ready for the printing. The idea is that the liquid emulsion is being applied to the screen and then dried. Advance was the first company that developed the concept of Dual Cure and refined the Emulsion to develop a screen as a sophisticated printing plate with half tones and strong stencil. They cooked the material on stove and open fire and used Chromic Acid to create an image on the screen. The liquid what we call Emulsion used to be pyre Polyvinyl Alcohol. By 1980, multi color design were developed and the printed shirts very popular. In 1960, Andy Whrol great art work made the technique more commercial rather than art only. They came pretty close to the modern silk screen printing. They used the photo imaging stencil technique to print the art work.
Some artists in 1930 working on Serigraphy that is what they called the art created through screen printing. Though screen printing has some roots in Europe, the real story of the screen printing begins in early 1900 in USA-The first patent was submitted in 1907. The industry went through using dichromate (highly toxic acid that is still being used in the third world) to Diazo based emulsion, Dual cure Diazo emulsions and now to SBQ and hybrid emulsion technology. Staring from the concept from serigraphy and the time of Rubylith technique of making screen, the modern time silkscreen printing and emulsion has come along to its newer, faster and highly sophisticated system and techniques, both science and art. The screen printing is over one thousand years old that started in China.
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